Glossary Term: Pyometra

Definition: Pyometra is an accumulation of pus in the uterine cavity. Pyo means pus and metra refers to uterus.¹ It is a result of hormonal changes; increased levels of progesterone without a pregnancy, that cause secretory fluids to build up and possibly become infected with bacteria. Pyometras can be open (cervix open) or closed (cervix closed).

Pyometra can be seen in both dogs and cats, but more common in dogs. Pyometra is seen 4 to 8 weeks after estrus, sometimes longer.

Typical signs seen with pyometra:

• Lethargy
• Inappetence(anorexia)
• Fever
• Vulvar discharge - may or may not be seen
• Increased thirst
• Increased urination
• Enlarged abdomen
• High white count (blood test)

Treatment for pyometra:
Due to the toxic nature of this condition (infection in uterus), the animals are weak and need of fluids and antibiotics; often for a few days. The best treatment for this condition is to spay - remove the uterus and ovaries. For breeding animals, administration of prostaglandins and antibiotics in an open pyometra may be successful, but does not prevent this condition from happening again. This treatment cannot be used in a closed pyometra, as it could cause the uterus to rupture in the abdomen, likely resulting in death.

Prevention of pyometra:
Spaying female dogs and cats before the first heat is 100% effective in prevention of pyometra.

References:
Word Origin¹ Online Medical Dictionary

Veterinary Glossary Index

Pronunciation: Pi - oh - me - trah

Also Known As: Pyo

Examples: Sally didn't want to have her dog spayed, but with the diagnosis of a closed pyometra, it was the only option to save her dog's life.